Electric truck deployment is growing quickly but remains concentrated by market and vehicle class. In 2024, global sales of electric medium- and heavy-duty freight trucks exceeded 90,000, with China accounting for more than four-fifths of the total.
Key Electric Truck Statistics
The most useful headline figures span sales, vehicle availability, charging, economics and measured outcomes:
- In 2024, more than 90,000 electric medium- and heavy-duty freight trucks were sold worldwide.
- In 2024, global electric medium- and heavy-duty truck sales grew almost 80% year over year worldwide.
- In 2024, more than 80% of worldwide electric truck sales were in China.
- In 2024, China sold 75,000 electric trucks.
- In 2024, Europe sold more than 10,000 electric trucks for the second consecutive year.
- In 2024, the United States sold more than 1,700 electric trucks under the IEA medium- and heavy-duty definition.
- In 2024, electrically chargeable trucks represented 2.3% of new EU truck registrations.
- In 2024, almost 800 electric heavy-duty vehicle models were available worldwide.
- In 2024, a Volvo electric truck offered a stated range of 600 kilometres.
- Between 2020 and 2024, commercial-vehicle battery prices fell 30% worldwide.
- Between 2020 and 2024, heavy-duty electric-truck battery pack size increased about 70%.
- In the IEA 2024 base case, a 1-MW charger supplied about 200 kilometres of range in around 20 minutes for a representative heavy-duty truck.
- In 2024, a battery-electric truck cost two to three times as much upfront as a diesel truck in the IEA comparison.
- In the 2024 800-kWh case, the battery represented almost half of upfront vehicle cost.
- In the 2024 comparison, battery-electric heavy-duty trucks were about 55% more energy-efficient than same-size diesel trucks.
- In 2024 China energy-price modelling, battery-electric heavy-duty truck direct energy costs were almost 70% lower than diesel equivalents.
- In an India 2024 life-cycle study, battery-electric heavy-duty vehicles had up to 78% to 83% lower lifetime GHG emissions than diesel with renewable electricity.
- In the first quarter of 2024, zero-emission trucks were around 0.47% of US heavy-duty truck registrations.
Contents
- Global electric truck sales and growth
- Electric truck sales by market
- Electric truck adoption and model availability
- Battery, range and charging statistics
- Electric truck costs and total ownership economics
- Electric truck emissions, payload and fleet use
Global Electric Truck Sales and Growth Statistics
The IEA market series defines trucks here as medium- and heavy-duty freight trucks. It is distinct from passenger vehicles and from every broader commercial-vehicle registration category.
- Global sales exceeded 90,000 vehicles in 2024, up almost 80% from 2023 worldwide. These are observed sales estimates based on country submissions and commercial-vehicle datasets. IEA, Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles – Global EV Outlook 2025
- China sold 75,000 electric trucks in 2024, representing more than 80% of worldwide sales. The IEA figure is rounded in the report. IEA, Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles – Global EV Outlook 2025
The geography of sales matters because the global total is not evenly distributed. China’s contribution dominates the market, while Europe and the United States are important but much smaller in the same IEA definition.
Electric Truck Sales Statistics by Market
The following figures compare observed 2024 market activity, while policy amounts are budgets or maximum credits rather than realized purchases.
| Market or program | 2024 measure | Scope or qualification |
|---|---|---|
| China | 75,000 electric trucks | IEA electric truck sales |
| Europe | More than 10,000 electric trucks | Second consecutive year above 10,000 |
| United States | More than 1,700 electric trucks | IEA medium- and heavy-duty definition |
| Canada | Almost 2,000 electric trucks | Second consecutive year |
| Brazil | Almost 500 electric trucks | Rounded country figure |
| Japan, South Africa and Thailand | Almost 900 combined | Up from around 130 in 2023 |
Source for the table: IEA, Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles – Global EV Outlook 2025. The regional and country figures are rounded where the source presents them that way.
Europe’s truck market provides a second, non-identical measurement frame. ACEA reported 327,896 new EU truck registrations in 2024, down 6.3% from 2023; heavy-truck sales fell 8.5%, while medium-truck registrations rose 5.6%.
Electrically chargeable trucks represented 2.3% of new EU truck registrations in 2024, and that category fell 4.6% year over year. It is broader than battery-electric-only and should not be added to the IEA electric-truck series. ACEA, New commercial vehicle registrations: vans +8.3%, trucks -6.3%, buses +9.2% in 2024
Country results within ACEA’s electrically chargeable category were mixed in 2024:
- Germany’s registrations increased 57.4% year over year.
- Italy’s registrations increased 115.2% year over year.
- Sweden’s registrations increased 59.6% year over year.
- France’s registrations decreased 57.4% year over year.
- The Netherlands’ registrations decreased 42.3% year over year.
The IEA also reports policy support. India’s PM E-DRIVE scheme allocated USD 58 million for electric-truck purchase incentives over two years, while the US Clean Heavy-Duty Vehicles Grant Program was nearly USD 1 billion and covered vehicles, charging infrastructure and other expenses.
The US federal clean-vehicle tax credit could reach USD 40,000 for an eligible electric truck, although eligibility and realized claims vary. These policy figures are not sales outcomes. IEA, Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles – Global EV Outlook 2025
Electric Truck Adoption and Available Model Statistics
Model availability indicates manufacturer and buyer choice, but it is not the same as registrations. The IEA’s heavy-duty model counts include buses as well as trucks, so they should not be treated as truck-only inventories.
- Almost 800 electric heavy-duty vehicle models were available worldwide in 2024.
- China had almost 450 models in 2024, with more than half being electric buses.
- The United States had more than 140 models in 2024; buses represented less than 30% of that US model count.
- Europe had about 150 models in 2024.
These model figures describe availability in the relevant market and year, not the number of vehicles sold. IEA, Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles – Global EV Outlook 2025
Electric Truck Battery, Range and Charging Statistics
Battery technology is changing in two directions at once: commercial-vehicle battery prices are falling, while trucks are using larger packs to support demanding routes.
| Measure | 2020–2024 result | Vehicle scope |
|---|---|---|
| Commercial-vehicle battery prices | Down 30% | Commercial electric vehicles worldwide |
| Medium-duty pack size | Up more than 60% | Sales-weighted medium-duty electric trucks |
| Medium-duty pack cost per vehicle | Up about 15% | Sales-weighted pack size and price per kWh |
| Heavy-duty pack size | Up about 70% | Sales-weighted heavy-duty electric trucks |
| Heavy-duty pack cost per vehicle | Up less than 20% | Sales-weighted pack size and price per kWh |
The pack-cost figures combine battery price per kWh with pack size, which explains why larger batteries can offset part of the benefit from lower unit prices. IEA, Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles – Global EV Outlook 2025
A Volvo electric truck launched in 2024 offered a 600-kilometre stated range. Actual range depends on load, weather, speed and route, so the stated figure is not a universal operating result. IEA, Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles – Global EV Outlook 2025
Charging speed also varies by vehicle and site. In the IEA base case for a representative heavy-duty truck, a 350-kW charger supplied about 200 kilometres in around one hour, while a 1-MW charger supplied about 200 kilometres in around 20 minutes.
For a modelled 500-kilometre daily route, charging beyond the driver rest period required an additional 15 minutes in the EU, 30 minutes in the United States and 40 minutes in China. These are analytical estimates under current regulations, not guarantees for every fleet. IEA, Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles – Global EV Outlook 2025
Electric Truck Cost and Total-Cost-of-Ownership Statistics
Upfront price and operating economics point in different directions. In the IEA’s 2024 comparison, a battery-electric truck cost two to three times as much upfront as a diesel truck in China, the EU and the United States.
For an 800-kWh battery truck, the battery represented almost half of upfront vehicle cost in 2024. The IEA expects that share to fall to about 35% by 2030, a forecast rather than an observed result.
The same outlook estimates that battery-electric heavy-duty truck purchase prices could decline about 15% to 35% over the five years after the 2024 baseline, depending on region and technology learning. The cited US zero-emission truck price premium was around USD 60,000 higher than Europe’s in 2024, but the source warns that comparison is not like-for-like. IEA, Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles – Global EV Outlook 2025
The IEA modelled a 500-kilometre daily distance across China, the EU and the United States. Under its 2024 price assumptions, battery-electric trucks were about 55% more energy-efficient than same-size diesel heavy-duty trucks.
| Geography | Direct energy-cost result versus diesel | Measurement frame |
|---|---|---|
| China | Almost 70% lower | 2024 direct energy costs |
| European Union | About one-third lower | 2024 direct energy costs |
| United States | About one-third lower | 2024 direct energy costs |
In the China case, electricity cost 65% less per kilometre than diesel, and battery-electric heavy-duty truck energy costs were over 50% lower per kilometre than diesel. These are modelled energy comparisons; infrastructure and other total-cost items are separate. IEA, Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles – Global EV Outlook 2025
Electric Truck Emissions, Payload and Fleet-Use Statistics
The environmental outcome depends on the electricity or hydrogen pathway. In an India life-cycle study covering a 12-tonne rigid truck, a 55-tonne tractor-trailer and an urban bus, battery-electric heavy-duty vehicles produced up to 78% to 83% lower lifetime GHG emissions than diesel when powered by renewable electricity.
Fuel-cell heavy-duty vehicles using grey hydrogen produced 12% to 18% lower emissions than diesel in the same India study. Grey hydrogen is natural-gas-derived, and both results are pathway-specific estimates rather than universal fleet outcomes. ICCT, A comparison of the life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions from combustion and electric heavy-duty vehicles in India
India’s fleet and cost context is also concentrated. Medium- and heavy-duty trucks represented 3% of India’s on-road vehicle fleet but contributed 44% of road-transport well-to-wheel CO2 emissions in the ICCT TCO study.
For model year 2023, the study estimated battery-electric truck upfront costs at four to six times diesel costs. It projects those costs at 1.2 to 1.4 times diesel for 12-, 16- and 28-tonne trucks by model year 2040, and about twice diesel for a 42-tonne truck; these are forecasts. ICCT, Total cost of ownership parity between battery-electric trucks and diesel trucks in India
A policy package combining subsidy, interest-rate support, road-tax waiver and toll-fee waiver could reduce 2023 battery-electric truck TCO by 25% to 37% in the India analysis. This is a modelled scenario, not realized savings. ICCT, Total cost of ownership parity between battery-electric trucks and diesel trucks in India
US deployment remained early in the first quarter of 2024: zero-emission trucks were around 0.47% of heavy-duty truck registrations, and Class 8 tractor trucks made up 89% of US zero-emission truck registrations in the cited market analysis. ICCT, Race to zero: Zero-emission bus and truck market in the United States, 2024
Payload rules and operating patterns affect which routes can electrify first. In the IEA payload analysis, 18% of US trucks operated close to the general maximum gross vehicle weight and another 7% operated above it; these figures are analytical inputs, not electric-truck adoption measures.
The cited policy allowances for zero-emission trucks were 907 kilograms in the United States and 2,000 kilograms in the European Union. The allowances were current policy context in the 2024 report and may change. IEA, Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles – Global EV Outlook 2025